Which standard has the gold?

The Standard Metre: Has It Anything to Do With The Contingent A Priori

Disagreement between cardiac output measurement devices: which device is the gold standard?

Y. Le Manach1,* and G. S. Collins2 Departments of Anesthesia & Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michael DeGroote School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University and the Perioperative Research Group, Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Canada, and Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Scien...

Gold Standard Gravity

This paper provides striking confirmation of the restrictions of the structural gravity model of trade. Structural forces predicted by theory explain 95% of the variation of the fixed effects used to control for them in the recent gravity literature, fixed effects that in principle could reflect other forces. This validation opens avenues to inferring unobserved sectoral activity and multilater...

Standard deviation, standard error. Which 'standard' should we use?

Standard deviation (SD) and standard error (SE) are quietly but extensively used in biomedical publications. These terms and notations are used as descriptive statistics (summarizing numerical data), and they are used as inferential statistics (estimating population parameters from samples). I review the use and misuse of SD and SE in several authoritative medical journals and make suggestions ...

The Gold Standard in Corpus Annotation

Trustworthy corpora are necessary for training and meaningful evaluation of algorithms which use annotations. These standard collections are called Gold Standard Corpora (GSC). However the construction of GSC is a laborious and time-consuming process and size, quality and most of all availability of task-specific GSC directly influence the development of machine learning based natural language ...